Aika online ping test4/8/2023 For gene expression to be established at an appropriate level, some of these regulatory processes must be under rapid and precise control. Gene expression can be regulated at multiple steps, including transcription, mRNA stability and translation. 3 In addition, numerous studies have identified multiple cis-acting elements within the promoter and 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of MOR. 1, 2 Several studies have suggested that the mu opioid receptor (MOR) plays a key role in mediating the major clinical effects of morphine, as well as in the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence with chronic administration. ORs are classified into three major types (μ, δ and κ) and have been characterized by molecular cloning and in numerous pharmacological reports. Their efficacy is the result of their ability to mimic endogenous opioid peptides on the opioid receptors (ORs). Opioid analgesics are widely used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Our data suggest that vimentin functions as a repressor of MOR translation, dependent on 175–150 of the MOR 5′-UTR. Furthermore, a cotransfection study demonstrated that the presence of vimentin resulted in reduced expression of the mouse MOR. Binding was confirmed by western blot analysis and RNA supershift assay. We identified an intermediate filament protein, vimentin, which bound specifically to the region between -175 and -150 (175–150) of the MOR 5′-UTR. Chromatography was followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. To identify potential regulators of the mouse MOR gene, we performed affinity column chromatography using 5′-UTR-specific RNA oligonucleotides using neuroblastoma NS20Y cells. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the role of vimentin as a post-transcriptional repressor in MOR gene regulation. Previously, the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the mouse MOR was found to be important for post-transcriptional regulation of the MOR gene in neuronal cells. Expression of opioid receptor proteins is controlled by extensive transcriptional and post-transcriptional processing. Morphine and endogenous mu opioid peptides exert their pharmacological actions mainly through the mu opioid receptor (MOR). The opioid receptors are among the most highly studied members of the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors.
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